GIS and Remote Sensing

3. Remote sensing

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Remote sensing is the process where the Remote sensors collect data by detecting the energy that is reflected from earth. These sensors can be on satellites or mounted on aircrafts. The electromagnetic radiation is normally used as an information carrier in remote sensing.. Remote sensors gather information by measuring the electromagnetic radiation that is reflected, emitted and absorbed by objects in various spectral regions, from gamma-rays to radio waves. To measure this radiation, both active and passive remote sensors are used. Passive remote sensors record natural sensors that is reflected or emitted from the earth surface. The most common source of detection is sunlight. Active sensors use internal stimuli to collect data about earth.

Remote sensing methods are used to gain a better understanding of the earth and its functions. A Global Earth Observation System of Systems (GEOSS) is being developed to connect earth observation systems around the world. A comprehensive and coordinated system of earth observations could lead to better management of environmental data and could fulfil numerous societal benefits.